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Delaware signs $128 million agreement with offshore wind developers
Jan 7, 2025
Delaware signs $128 million agreement with offshore wind developers

OFFSHORE WIND: Delaware officials and the developer of an offshore wind project sign agreements to ensure the developer will provide the state with renewable energy credits and other community benefits worth more than $128 million. (Renews)

ALSO:

  • Though the fishing industry has been a consistent opponent of offshore wind, developers in Massachusetts have paid $8 million to local fishermen to do safety and security work for the Vineyard Wind project. (New Bedford Light)
  • While fishing vessels will be allowed to enter offshore wind farms in U.S. waters, many questions remain about how the turbines will affect the fish populations and fishing conditions. (New Bedford Light)
  • A Greek company has started work on a Baltimore factory that will produce undersea cables to supply the offshore wind industry. (Baltimore Banner)

EFFICIENCY:

STORAGE: A planned 325-MW battery storage project in Connecticut faces obstacles from state regulators, as well as area residents worried about possible fires. (Energy News Network)

TRANSPORTATION: New York’s newly implemented, first-in-the-nation congestion pricing plan faces challenges from both the incoming Trump administration and local opponents. (E&E News, subscription)

CLIMATE:

SOLAR: A solar farm operated by a group of municipal utilities in Massachusetts receives $2.3 million from a clean energy tax provision in the Inflation Reduction Act, one of the first public power agencies in the country to benefit from the new rule. (MassLive, subscription)

RELIABILITY: Electric utilities serving the Northeast ask federal regulators to enact gas pipeline reliability requirements to ensure power plants have enough fuel to keep the lights on. (Utility Dive)

UTILITIES: A Connecticut electric utility says regulatory decisions are the reason the state has some of the highest power prices in the country. (CT Insider)

COMMENTARY: A Massachusetts task force’s plan to use revenue from the state’s millionaire tax to stabilize the transportation system is too timid an approach for such a long-term challenge, says a transportation journalist. (CommonWealth Beacon)

How clean energy manufacturing transformed under Biden
Jan 7, 2025
How clean energy manufacturing transformed under Biden

MANUFACTURING: U.S. clean energy manufacturing rapidly expanded over the past four years as factories emerged to produce solar panels, batteries and electric cars, though the growth trajectory is less certain going forward under President-elect Trump. (Canary Media)

BUILDINGS: Major U.S. cities are leading the way on decarbonizing large buildings by instituting performance standards that require owners to submit energy usage data and gradually improve their performance. (Canary Media)

OIL & GAS:

ELECTRIC VEHICLES: The Pentagon announces plans to blacklist Chinese company CATL, the world’s largest EV battery maker and a key partner of Tesla and Ford. (Washington Post)

GRID:

  • Residential electricity prices rose faster than inflation from 2019-2023 as utilities increased spending on grid infrastructure, a federal lab’s new report finds. (Power Grid International)
  • A planned 325 MW battery storage project in Connecticut faces obstacles from state regulators, as well as area residents worried about possible fires. (Energy News Network)

NUCLEAR: Nuclear power has suffered in the face of high-profile disasters but has a chance to make a comeback as leaders recognize its ability to generate clean, reliable energy, an environmental journalist says. (Grist)

SOLAR:

  • A study finds wildfire smoke in the Western U.S. is hampering solar generation less than previously feared but still reduces output from panels close to blazes. (The Hill)
  • The developer of the nation’s largest solar-plus-storage facility in Nevada looks to build more large-scale arrays to meet the “unbelievable appetite for clean energy.” (Energy Storage News, subscription)

OFFSHORE WIND: The fishing industry has been a consistent opponent of offshore wind, but developers in Massachusetts have paid $8 million to local fishermen to do safety and security work for the Vineyard Wind project. (New Bedford Light)

COMMENTARY: Big tech companies should be required to shoulder the costs of new generation to power their data centers so that costs aren’t shifted on to utility ratepayers, an economist and author writes. (Utility Dive)

Tech-neutral tax credits win over renewables backers
Jan 8, 2025
Tech-neutral tax credits win over renewables backers

FINANCE: The U.S. Treasury Department releases rules governing “technology-neutral” tax credits for solar, wind, geothermal and other clean energy projects, drawing praise from renewables advocates and criticism from the fuel cell and hydrogen industry. (New York Times, Axios)

ALSO: Six major U.S.-headquartered banks have so far quit an international net-zero alliance, with some observers blaming the exodus on incoming federal Republican leadership. (The Guardian)

COAL: An analysis finds owners and operators of coal plants in 30 states are considering or have decided to delay the facilities’ planned retirements to keep up with escalating power demand, driven largely by data centers. (Floodlight)

WIND:

  • President-elect Trump promises to block new wind energy development despite its rapid expansion in Republican-led states and his inability to control private-sector investments. (New York Times)
  • As much as 90% of most wind turbines are made up of steel and concrete that can be recycled, the U.S. Energy Department finds. (Utility Dive)

ELECTRIFICATION:

OIL & GAS:

ELECTRIC VEHICLES:

POLITICS: A U.S. Senate committee is expected to next week consider Trump’s interior secretary nominee Doug Burgum, who championed carbon capture and storage while governor of North Dakota. (Washington Post)

Texas leads U.S. in renewables
Jan 9, 2025
Texas leads U.S. in renewables

RENEWABLES: Texas is the top state for development of renewable energy generation and battery capacity as of the end of 2024, ranking first for wind and solar and second behind California for battery capacity. (Reuters)

ELECTRIC VEHICLES:

SOLAR: A renewables company announces the closing of financing for a 109 MW solar farm under construction in Georgia. (Renewables Now)

OIL & GAS:

GRID:

EMISSIONS: Mitsubishi drops its plans to build a $1.3 billion petrochemical plant that would have ranked among the top 50 greenhouse gas polluters in Louisiana, citing a drop in demand for the products it would have made. (Louisiana Illuminator)

UTILITIES: Houston’s city council denies a rate increase for CenterPoint Energy after the utility was criticized for its efforts to maintain and restore power during Hurricane Beryl, although the utility is likely to appeal the decision to state regulators. (Houston Chronicle)

POLITICS: Hundreds of Oklahoma activists rally for Gov. Kevin Stitt to issue an executive order to block new wind and solar facilities despite renewables’ relative success in the state, which ranks third in the nation for wind energy. (Heatmap)

Texas, California lead U.S. to record-breaking solar year
Jan 10, 2025
Texas, California lead U.S. to record-breaking solar year

SOLAR: Texas and California led the way for the record-breaking addition of 34 GW of new solar and 13 GW in battery storage across the U.S. last year, as 96% of all new power plants built in 2024 were carbon-free. (Canary Media)

ALSO:

OIL & GAS: Phillips 66 announces it will spend $2.2 billion to buy a Texas network of gas pipelines and processing facilities as the company aims to grow its sales of natural gas liquids. (Houston Chronicle)

STORAGE: A battery materials company cuts staffing despite Tennessee expansion plans that could draw on more than $50 million in incentives. (Chattanooga Times Free Press)

UTILITIES:

  • A Republican Virginia lawmaker introduces legislation to allow residential customers of Appalachian Power to shop for other electricity providers if their bills are more than 25% of the statewide average. (Roanoke Times)
  • Entergy asks Louisiana regulators to allow it to bill customers more than $182 million to recover costs for repairs from Hurricane Francine. (Louisiana Illuminator)

ELECTRIC VEHICLES: Analysts expect a 30% jump in electric vehicle sales this year, even though the incoming Trump administration and its threat of tariffs and rolling back the EV tax credit and other incentives could slow the industry’s growth. (Associated Press)

GRID:

COAL: Coal mining safety advocates worry that President-elect Trump and Republican majorities in Congress could weaken a new rule to protect miners from toxic silica dust that contributes to a form of black lung disease. (Charleston Gazette-Mail)

EMISSIONS: Florida residents protest a county’s plan to build a trash incinerator in or near some diverse communities that advocates say have been disproportionately affected by toxic plants and their emissions. (KFF Health News)

CLIMATE: Louisiana officials vote to end an extra 1.36% assessment and other charges at the state-run insurer of last resort, helping lower fees as insurance rates skyrocket in the state. (Louisiana Illuminator)

COMMENTARY:

Clean hydrogen finally has a blueprint. Will it last?
Jan 8, 2025
Clean hydrogen finally has a blueprint. Will it last?

Welcome back to Energy News Weekly! Today, we’ve got an update on a long-awaited federal move that will drive the clean hydrogen industry, and a dive into what it’ll mean under the next president.

After more than a year of anticipation, the U.S. Treasury Department last week released rules for claiming federal clean hydrogen tax credits.

Hydrogen’s role in the clean energy transition is still unclear. The fuel does not release greenhouse gas emissions when burned, so it could help decarbonize heavy manufacturing and large vehicles. But today, it’s largely produced using natural gas, which means it still has a big climate impact. It’s also expensive and hard to come by.

That’s something the Inflation Reduction Act aimed to change. The huge 2022 climate law included the 45V tax credit to push developers to start producing clean hydrogen, but didn’t specify how the fuel had to be made.

As environmental advocates had hoped, the Treasury’s rule will prioritize tax credits for hydrogen made with solar and wind power. But it’ll also grant smaller benefits to hydrogen produced from fossil fuels, so long as it incorporates carbon capture — a method some advocates say could outweigh hydrogen’s climate benefits.

Even with the priority for hydrogen produced with renewables, oil industry leaders and Republican lawmakers still back the hydrogen tax credits, the Washington Post reports. So with that support in place, industry observers expect President-elect Trump to keep the incentives, albeit with a few changes to benefit fossil fuels even more.

More clean energy news

🕚 Last-minute drilling ban: President Biden permanently bans the sale of new federal drilling leases off much of the U.S. coasts in a move that will be hard to repeal, but experts say the order is unlikely to slow oil and gas production. (E&E News, Associated Press)

🏭 A manufacturing transformation: U.S. clean energy manufacturing rapidly expanded over the past four years as factories emerged to produce solar panels, batteries and electric cars, though the growth trajectory is less certain going forward under President-elect Trump. (Canary Media)

🏙️ Urban decarbonization: Major U.S. cities are leading the way on decarbonizing large buildings by instituting standards that require owners to submit energy usage data and gradually improve their performance. (Canary Media)

🛢️ Oil’s playbook: An investigation reveals oil and gas companies’ “playbook” for shirking liability for environmental damage, avoiding cleaning up their wells and offloading reclamation costs to taxpayers. (ProPublica)  

🚘 EVs roll through winter: The inclusion of heat pumps in newer electric vehicle models is among the improvements helping to boost battery performance during cold weather, as experts say winter charging concerns have been overblown. (Inside Climate News)

⚡️ Gridlocked: A lack of transmission lines on the U.S. power grid and stalled interconnection processes remain the biggest barriers to continued clean energy growth, experts say. (Canary Media)

💰 Cost/benefit: The Inflation Reduction Act’s tax credits will cost around $656 billion but deliver as much as $2.7 trillion in net benefits over the next decade, a report commissioned by a clean power group finds. (Utility Dive)

Rural Minnesota counties work together to simplify clean energy development and maximize local benefits
Jan 9, 2025
Rural Minnesota counties work together to simplify clean energy development and maximize local benefits

A long-running local government collaboration in southwestern Minnesota is helping to insulate the region from the kind of controversies and misinformation that have plagued rural clean energy projects in other states.

The Rural Minnesota Energy Board has its origins in a regional task force that was set up during the mid-1990s as the state’s first wind farms were being built. The task force was instrumental in persuading state legislators in 2002 to create a wind energy production tax, which today generates millions of dollars in annual revenue for counties and townships that host wind projects.

The group’s scope and membership has since gradually expanded to include 18 rural counties that pay monthly dues for support on energy policy and permitting. The board represents members at the state legislature and in Public Utilities Commission proceedings. At home, it facilitates community meetings with project developers, helps draft energy-related ordinances, and educates members and the public on the benefits of energy projects.

The result, say clean energy advocates and developers, has been a uniquely consistent approach to local energy policy and permitting that makes it easier for renewable companies to do business in the region.

“The rural energy board has been a critical, important body and one of the major reasons why renewable energy has been successful in southwestern Minnesota,” said Adam Sokolski, director of regulatory and legislative affairs at EDF Renewables North America. “Their policies have encouraged good decision-making over the years and led to a stable and productive region for energy development.”

EDF Renewables has worked with the board on at least nine projects in the region. Sokolski said he’s come to admire its approach to policy making, its support for transmission projects, and its efforts to educate members on clean energy.

“It’s positive to have county leaders talking to each other about energy projects, about how … they can approach those projects so they best benefit their constituents and the public,” he said.

Southwest Minnesota has the state’s densest concentration of wind turbines and is increasingly attracting solar developers, too. Wind turbines account for more than 4,500 megawatts, or around 22%, of the state’s generation capacity, making Minnesota a top 10 state for wind production.

‘It’s all economic development’

The board counts the wind production tax among its most significant accomplishments. Large wind farms pay $1.20 per megawatt-hour of generation. Counties receive 80% of the revenue, with the remainder going to townships. A similar fee also exists for large solar projects.

The fee delivers millions of dollars annually, allowing local governments to construct buildings and repair bridges and roads without raising their levies for years. According to American Clean Power, Minnesota municipalities receive $44 million annually in taxes, and private landowners receive nearly $41 million in lease payments from wind and solar companies.

That has enabled counties to stave off opposition by pointing out that turbines and solar are economic development, according to Jason Walker, community development director for the Southwest Regional Development Commission, which manages the board, said the local government revenue generated from wind and solar projects has helped reduce opposition to projects.

“It’s all economic development here,” Walker said.

When opposition does emerge, such as around a recent 160 megawatt solar project in Rock County in the state’s far southwest corner, the board works with commissioners to make sure local leaders have factual information as opposed to misinformation.

Peder Mewis, regional policy director for the Clean Grid Alliance, praised the board for creating an information-sharing culture among members that helps prepare them for clean energy development. He said many developers appreciate that the region’s ordinances are similar because of the board, and that they have maintained good relationships with members over the years.

“There are other parts of the state that are thinking, ‘Is there something here that we could replicate or duplicate?’” Mewis said.

Jay Trusty, executive director of the Southwest Regional Development Commission, said the board plays an essential role in lobbying for state policy to support clean energy development. In addition to the production taxes, the board regularly defends the local distribution of those funds when lawmakers consider other uses for the revenue. The board more recently lobbied for changes to the state transmission permitting process, which were approved this year, and it supported an expansion for Xcel Energy’s CapX 2020 high-voltage transmission project before state utility regulators.

Minnesota Public Utilities Commissioner John Tuma recalled the board’s support for the state’s 2008 renewable energy standard, which gave Republican Gov. Tim Pawlenty important rural support for signing the legislation.

“They bring an economic voice to the table,” Tuma said, adding that the board continues to be active in conversations about regional grid policies.

Nobles County Commissioner Gene Metz has served on the board for 12 years. The region’s decades of experience and collaboration on wind energy has helped make residents more comfortable with clean energy projects, he said, leading to fewer controversies.

In counties outside the board’s territory, “they’re getting more pushback, especially on solar projects,” he said.

Gene’s cousin, Chad Metz, serves as a commissioner in Traverse County, which is not a member and has a mortarium on clean energy projects. Chad Metz sees clean energy as inevitable and wants the county to join the rural energy board to protect its economic interests. “The benefits outweigh the negatives, and it will just become part of life,” he said.

Maine governor proposes cabinet-level department focused on energy needs and goals
Jan 10, 2025
Maine governor proposes cabinet-level department focused on energy needs and goals

Gov. Janet Mills wants to make a new department focused on the state’s energy needs and goals.

In her upcoming biennial budget proposal that is expected on Friday, Mills will outline her plan for the current Governor’s Energy Office to be elevated to a cabinet-level department. This would be a budget-neutral initiative that would allow for more comprehensive and consistent management of Maine’s energy system, according to a news release from the governor’s office Wednesday.

If the budget proposal is approved by the Maine Legislature, the Governor’s Energy Office would transition to the Maine Department of Energy Resources by the end of this year. It would be led by a commissioner, who would be appointed by the governor and subject to legislative confirmation.

In recent years, the Maine Legislature has significantly expanded the responsibilities of the Governor’s Energy Office. For example, the office has secured more than $200 million in federal funding to support grid resilience and innovation, energy efficiency and workforce development.

“By designating a cabinet seat focused solely on energy issues, Maine will be in a stronger position to deliver more affordable energy, advance our energy goals, and grow the state’s economy,” said Dan Burgess, director of the Governor’s Energy Office.

The new energy department would be the lead agency on energy resources, policies, planning, data, markets, energy security and program implementation; all of which currently fall to the Governor’s Energy Office.

Like those in other states, Maine’s new department would have additional authority to conduct competitive energy procurements to meet the state’s power demands and reliability needs. It would also continue to coordinate with the Maine Public Utilities Commission and other state, regional and federal partners.

State law requires Maine to transition to renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions; however, it must be done while ensuring that Mainers will still have access to affordable, reliable and secure energy, said Maine Sen. Mark Lawrence (D-York) and state Rep. Melanie Sachs (D-Freeport), who serve as co-chairs of the Maine Legislature’s Energy, Utilities and Technology Committee, in a joint statement.

In 2022, Mills signed into law a state goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. The next year, she set a new target of 100% clean electricity by 2040. She also established the Maine Climate Council, which is responsible for maintaining the state’s four-year roadmap to meeting those and other climate goals.

“Regular planning, evaluation, and education delivered by a dedicated agency will ensure the consistency needed to keep Maine on a path toward these goals,” Lawrence and Sachs said in the release. “There’s a reason why this concept has been proposed previously in bipartisan fashion.”

Maine also has a goal of creating three gigawatts of offshore wind in the Gulf of Maine — enough to power between 675,000 and 900,000 homes — installed by the end of 2040. While the state was awarded a lease for a research array with up to 12 floating turbines to help inform how floating offshore wind operates and interacts with ecosystems in the water, the future of the renewable energy source hangs in the balance with President-elect Donald Trump having said he would seek to halt all offshore wind projects.

In 2017, during the LePage administration, state Rep. Kenneth Fredette (R-Newport) introduced legislation to establish an energy seat in the cabinet that would be responsible for energy planning, data analysis and the implementation of an oil dependence reduction plan. The bill was supported by the Legislature’s energy committee at the time, but died upon adjournment.

The Maine State Chamber of Commerce said Wednesday it supports Mills’ proposal, noting that energy is one of the most pressing issues for the state’s economy.

“Addressing energy affordability and meeting our state’s climate targets will require careful planning and execution and the Chamber looks forward to working with the Administration on those efforts with a cabinet-level Energy Department leading that effort,” said President and CEO Patrick Woodcock in the release.

Offshore wind projects hit turbulence in Connecticut and New Jersey
Jan 2, 2025
Offshore wind projects hit turbulence in Connecticut and New Jersey

OFFSHORE WIND: An offshore wind developer tables a planned wind farm after Connecticut failed to join Massachusetts and Rhode Island in agreeing to buy power from the project. (WBUR)

ALSO:

  • Federal regulators approve a 2.4 GW wind project south of Massachusetts, though questions remain about how the incoming Trump administration will impact the development. (Nantucket Current)
  • A New Jersey offshore wind project asks state regulators for a second delay in its timeline as developers struggle with supply chain issues and price volatility. (Associated Press)
  • Federal offshore wind regulators will answer questions at a public forum on Nantucket as residents express ongoing concerns about the impact of offshore wind development near the island. (Nantucket Current)

CLIMATE:

FOSSIL FUELS: Neighbors of a former refinery site in Philadelphia worry about the potential environmental and health impacts of plans for a warehouse and life sciences complex and liquefied natural gas and butane storage. (Inside Climate News)

TRANSMISSION: Maryland legislators have at least four bills in the works to modify or stop a widely opposed transmission line through the state — a plan that has drawn state policymakers’ attention away from other energy and climate issues this year. (WBAL, Maryland Matters)

GRID: Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro files a federal complaint against PJM, arguing that the grid operator’s market rules are “currently failing” and will result in soaring electricity prices. (Reuters)

TRANSPORTATION: New York’s plan to impose an extra toll on drivers in some parts of Manhattan is set to go into effect this weekend despite a pending legal challenge from New Jersey. (Gothamist)

ELECTRIC VEHICLES:

  • Vermont municipalities grapple with how best to deploy electric vehicle charging stations to ensure access and keep the systems economically sustainable. (VTDigger)
  • More than 2 million rides were taken on rentable e-scooters in Queens and the Bronx in 2024, even as some elected officials advocated against the programs. (Streetsblog NYC)

UTILITIES: A Spanish energy company purchases the parent company of electric utilities in Connecticut, Maine, and New York in a $2.5 billion deal that critics say will reduce transparency and accountability. (Maine Public)

STORAGE: Maine recommends that the state public utilities commission procure 200 MW of battery capacity to manage storage and deployment of solar and wind power and avoid costly grid upgrades. (Portland Press Herald, subscription)

Illinois confident it can continue clean energy progress under Trump, but path expected to be harder
Jan 2, 2025
Illinois confident it can continue clean energy progress under Trump, but path expected to be harder

The last time President Donald Trump took office, Illinois had just passed the Future Energy Jobs Act (FEJA), creating an ambitious renewable electricity mandate, solar incentive programs, green job training and equity provisions to propel the state’s clean energy economy.

That progress is offering both a blueprint and a source of hope for Illinois clean energy and environmental justice advocates as they try to keep the state’s clean energy transition on track during a second Trump presidency.

“The state policy is designed to be responsive to a lack of federal climate leadership, to the need for Illinois to step up into a position of climate leadership,” said Vote Solar deputy Midwest program director John Delurey, who added that since the 2024 election “I’m at the point where I can channel my existential dread into state-based action.”

Illinois lawmakers expanded on FEJA with the Climate & Equitable Jobs Act (CEJA) in 2021, and advocates expect another state energy bill in 2025 to prioritize energy storage and otherwise further clean energy goals, including planning for the mandatory closing of almost all fossil fuel generation by 2035.

“With CEJA we’ve mapped out an ambitious climate plan, and we’re in a strong position to further those goals even under a Trump administration,” said Madeline Semanisin, Midwest equitable building decarbonization advocate for the Natural Resources Defense Council. “This is not the first Trump administration. States and cities are more prepared this time to accelerate initiatives at the state and city level.”

That’s not to say the state won’t be affected by a president who is hostile toward clean energy policy. Several federal tax credits and grants that have helped accelerate progress in Illinois could be at risk under Trump, and a rollback of federal environmental regulations or enforcement could prolong pollution from coal ash, power plants and other sources.

James Gignac, Union of Concerned Scientists lead Midwest senior policy manager for the Climate & Energy program, said he thinks of the state’s clean energy outlook in terms of headwinds and tailwinds, which will continue to shift based on economic and political factors beyond the state’s control.

“States for many years have not been able to rely on the federal government for climate action, whether due to politics or the Supreme Court,” Gignac said. “The election results will make it harder to achieve the goals that Illinois has established. It doesn’t fundamentally change the energy policy path that the state is on, it just makes it even more urgent that state legislators pass additional policies.”

Tax credits and grants

Federal funds from the Inflation Reduction Act, Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and other federal programs have helped Illinois and individual cities and counties carry out their clean energy goals. Illinois was awarded more than $430 million in a Climate Pollution Reduction Grant for implementation of the state’s goals on industrial decarbonization, clean energy, clean transportation and freight, climate-smart agriculture, and building energy efficiency.

Illinois was also awarded $156 million in federal Solar for All funds to bolster solar and equity goals including workforce training, residential solar deployment, and community engagement.  

Illinois advocates and experts said they expect federal funds that have already been awarded to be paid out, and they don’t expect the Trump administration and Republican-dominated Congress to make major changes to the IRA or infrastructure law, especially given the financial impact those laws have had in Republican-dominated areas.

“We have seen hundreds of thousands of dollars for small businesses and farmers” paid out through the federal Rural Energy for America Program (REAP), not to mention federal IRA funds, that “overall are benefitting Republican districts” during the Biden administration, noted Angela Xu, Illinois Environmental Council municipal engagement manager.

Even if new federal funding windfalls are not available in the future, advocates say the funds awarded during the Biden administration will have lasting impact, combined with state-level programs and funding sources that will continue, and market forces that are making clean energy increasingly competitive.

“President-elect Trump has indicated his intention to roll back IRA programs, but keep in mind that when President Trump was elected last time, he and the Republican-led Senate and House were hellbent publicly on rolling back Obamacare, and that didn’t happen,” said Environmental Law & Policy Center executive director Howard Learner.

“The IRA has supported smart, sensible renewable energy development in red states and blue and purple states,” he added. “There’s no question if President Trump tries to cut back and constrain the IRA, it will have some impact on the pace of renewable energy development and other climate change solutions. On the other hand, it’s very hard to keep better technology from growing. When new technologies come to the market and they are better and cleaner and economically sensible, they tend to accelerate and capture more market share.”

Illinois Shines, the program creating lucrative Renewable Energy Credits for distributed solar, is funded through ratepayer payments — so it is not dependent on federal funding. That doesn’t mean it is immune from federal action, since the federal Investment Tax Credit and the global solar market influence the viability of projects in Illinois.

“There are levers they can pull, through an act of Congress they can change the ITC, which is an important part of the value stack for renewables,” said Delurey, of Trump and his allies in Congress. “And they could deploy tariffs which make the landscape a lot more complicated. The U.S., thanks to the IRA, is making its way towards onshoring and bringing a lot of manufacturing back stateside, but we’re not quite there yet.”

If the tax credit is reduced or solar panels get more expensive because of tariffs, Illinois’s incentives “would probably have to be adjusted accordingly,” Delurey said, with bigger incentives for each project.

“It would just mean fewer megawatts and kilowatts in Illinois. We’d still be deploying solar, but it is sensitive to the price of clean energy.”

Environmental justice

Advocates agree that the Biden administration’s Justice 40 mandate, that 40% of the benefits of many federal climate and other programs go to disadvantaged communities, is likely to be ended or ignored by the Trump administration.

Lower-income and marginalized communities could also be affected by understaffing, delays or rollbacks in federal programs like LIHEAP, which provides energy bill assistance, and energy efficiency rebates for low-income households.

“We can put things in state legislation that supports these communities,” including in the Illinois energy bill being drafted for introduction in 2025, Semanisin said. “Justice 40 is a framework we can incorporate in state legislation as well, to prioritize people who have been historically underserved.”

During his first administration, Trump made significant rollbacks to coal plant wastewater protections, and to the 2015 federal rules governing the storage and cleanup of coal ash. Both are big issues in Illinois, where eight coal plants are still operating, and coal ash is stored in 76 ponds, landfills and other sites, according to an Earthjustice analysis.  

Earthjustice senior attorney Jenny Cassel said experts anticipate Trump will again try to weaken the Clean Water Act and coal ash protections. Meanwhile it’s likely the EPA under his administration will do little to enforce the coal ash regulations, which was largely the case before the Biden administration made coal ash a priority.

Illinois passed its own state coal ash rules in 2019, after lobbying by activists who wanted to make sure the rules were at least as strong as federal rules and covered legacy ponds not included in federal rules at the time. In 2024, the federal rules were expanded to cover legacy ponds as well as historic ash and coal ash landfills, but that provision is being challenged in federal court. The state rules do not cover ash historically dumped or scattered around, and they also do not cover inactive coal ash landfills.

Meanwhile the implementation of the Illinois coal ash law has been extremely slow. The law requires each site to get an operating permit with pollution limits that can then be enforced, but so far only two permits at one coal plant site have been issued, Cassel said.

“We keep hearing excuse after excuse” from the Illinois EPA that issues the permits, Cassel said. “‘We don’t have enough people, they’re tied up in administrative hearings, conditions are changing,’ every dog-ate-my-homework excuse in the book.”

“At the federal level, there’s any number of potential ways they could attempt to roll back the [coal ash] rules, or weaken areas that haven’t been fully defined,” she added. “That’s certainly what they did in round one. Illinois will really have to step up into the vacuum of protectiveness we expect at the federal level.”

Local action

Chicago — site of the 2024 Democratic National Convention — has long been a target of Trump’s ire, and Chicago officials during his last administration and today are outspoken about countering Trump’s agenda.

Chief Sustainability Officer Angela Tovar said the city will continue its work on solar, electric vehicles and building decarbonization, as well as centering environmental justice in planning, zoning and enforcement decisions.  

“So much of everyone’s local regulations hinge on things like the Clean Air Act and federal standards; there is going to be this question of federal preemption, what home-rule authority do we have?” Tovar said. “Those are still outstanding questions. Every rollback will present its own set of challenges for cities and states. What I am at least grateful for in being in the state of Illinois and the city of Chicago is we do have such robust climate leadership at the state and local level.”

The city’s environmental justice ordinance requires a holistic look at pollution — from traffic and other sources — when industrial development is proposed. That could help protect communities even if federal pollution limits are relaxed. The city has also launched an interdepartmental environmental justice working group, involving “every department that touches air, land and water,” as Tovar said.

The city program Green Homes Chicago funds energy efficiency upgrades for qualifying single- and multi-family homes, which could help fill the gap if federal home rebates are reduced, Tovar noted. Chicago Recovery Plan funding from federal pandemic relief and city bond issuances could help compensate for any funding that might be lost if IRA is undermined, she added.

“The role of cities and states becomes even increasingly more important right now,” Tovar said. “We have an ability to really demonstrate leadership in this moment. For cities like Chicago that have already made some progress, it’s up to us to ensure we’re sharing best practices and working together to really create those safeguards and fortify basic environmental and health protections at a local level. We’re certainly going to maintain our commitment, make sure we are rolling out our programs, and unwavering in our pursuit of environmental justice.”

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